States have consistently considered international norms and instruments and, to the extent possible, incorporated them into domestic laws and policymaking. In this context, the present article examines the rights of employed women under Iran’s Social Security Law in comparison with relevant conventions and standards of the International Labour Organization. The central question posed by the study is: To what extent do Iran’s laws, particularly the Social Security Law, align with International Labour Organization standards regarding employed women? The findings indicate that, based on Article 20 of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, women enjoy all human rights, including the right to social security, on an equal footing with men in accordance with Islamic principles. Furthermore, in public law, such as the Social Security Law, gender plays no role, and the individual is addressed as a human being. Nonetheless, the Social Security Law, influenced by the Constitution and civil laws, is consistent with International Labour Organization standards in some areas, but differs in others.