The Islamic Republic of Iran can advance part of its foreign policy objectives through engagement with international institutions. Although the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) may not constitute a formal international organization with strong binding authority, its extensive membership, guiding principles, and goals, combined with the growing influence of international institutions in the contemporary era, grant it considerable relevance. Many of NAM’s objectives align closely with Iran’s strategic interests. Drawing on neoliberal institutionalist theory, which conceptualizes the international system as anarchic, recognizes states as rational and influential actors, and assigns international institutions an independent identity, this study examines Iran’s approach and relations with the Non-Aligned Movement within the global system. Specifically, the paper conducts a comparative analysis of the foundations, principles, and objectives of Iran’s overarching foreign policy alongside those of NAM. Iran’s engagement with the movement can be characterized by its commitment to opposing imperialism and hegemonic structures, promoting sovereign equality, ensuring the equality of nations, respecting human rights, and upholding the right to self-determination.